Classifications - Part 3 - get all objects assigned to class
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In previous article ( Classifications - Part 2 - Get Object Details ) I've created a method to get characteristics values for an object to our dynamic structure, in this part I will show how to use this method and FM CLAF_OBJECTS_OF_CLASS to get the characteristics values for all of objects that are classified by given class. I will firstly read all assignments to the class, then I will loop through all returned objects and I will get all characteristics values to dynamic structure.
Importing:
i_class type klah-class -> class number
i_classtype type klah-klart -> class type
i_key_date type sy-datum default sy-datum -> key date for classification
Exporting:
value( et_objects ) type standard table of clobjekte -> table of objects assigned to class
et_data type ref to data -> table with characteristics data for all objects assigned to class
e_tablestr type ref to cl_abap_tabledescr -> table type structure
e_structure type ref to cl_abap_structdescr -> structure
Exceptions:
fetch_values_error
structure_error
Classifications - Part 2 - Get Object Details
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In the first part I show how to create a structure on a base of class characteristics, now I will describe how to get the characteristics values for a object and how to fill the structure we've created in part 1. To get the characteristics values for an object I will use FM BAPI_OBJCL_GETDETAIL, then using field-symbols I will move the data from its result tables to our structure. I will use also cl_abap_typedescr to get the type of the field (needed for proper conversion) and FM KKEK_CONVERT_FLOAT_TO_CURR to convert currency values stored as float on database into currency fields.
Importing:
i_object type bapi1003_key-object -> key of object to be classified
i_class type klah-class -> class number
i_classtype type klah-klart -> class type
i_objecttable type bapi1003_key-objecttable optional -> name of database table for object
i_key_date type sy-datum default sy-datum -> key date for classification
i_structure type ref to cl_abap_structdescr optional -> structure
Exporting:
et_objvaluesnum type tt_bapi1003_alloc_values_num -> table with num characteristics
et_objvalueschar type tt_bapi1003_alloc_values_char -> table with char characteristics
et_objvaluescurr type tt_bapi1003_alloc_values_curr -> table with curr characteristics
e_data type ref to data -> filled structure for object with all characteristics
Exceptions:
fetch_values_error -> error while trying to receive object characteristics value
structure_error -> structure has wrong fields
Implementation:
Classifications - Part 1 - prepare structure for class data
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Today I'll start to show you how you can prepare some methods to be able to read classification data without carrying each time about the kind of characteristics. If you follow my suggestions then you'll be able to use this methods each time you deal with classifications. In this part I will show you how to prepare a method to create a structure and table for classification data. I know that some of you can say we can create such structure manually with data or types statement directly in each of our development, but one day you'll see that sometimes it's easier to prepare a function or method which will do it for you so you can keep the logic in each of your program without doing maual work.
To create the structure of the class I will use FM BAPI_CLASS_READ to read class data, then I will use FM BAPI_CHARACT_GETDETAIL to read the characteristics and in each step I'll be using classes cl_abap_elemdescr, cl_abap_structdescr and cl_abap_tabledescr to create the structure I need.
Import:
i_classtype klah-class-> class number
i_classtypetype klah-klart ->class type
i_key_datetype sy-datum default sy-datum-> key date for class
Export:
e_structuretype ref to cl_abap_structdescr-> structure for our class
et_datatype ref to data -> table created on a base of class structure
e_tabletype ref to cl_abap_tabledescr-> table type for our class
Exceptions:
class_classtype_fetch_error
error_creating_table
characteristics_error
Implementation of method:
Create XLSX/MHTML file from internal table in background
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I think that any of us had meet the situation when we needed to create an Excel output from internal table in background. There is a really nice project called ABAP2XLSX which gives you to possibility to do all you need but in some case you won't be allowed to install ABAP2XLSX at you SAP instance. Don't worry there is a way to do it, but in older SAP version we will be allowed only to save the file as MHTML excel (like in ALV->Export to Spreadsheet). In newest version we're able save the file directly to XLSX also. In a method shown bellow you can see that to create Excel file you need to only pass internal table, the rest of the parameters are option which gives you opurtinity to pass the settings you've made in your program to the output file.
So what am I doing here.... firstly I check if the fieldcatalog was passed. If not then I create it on a base of internal table with usage of cl_salv_table and cl_salv_controller_metadata=>get_lvc_fieldcatalog. After I finally have the fieldcatalog I create result table with sort and filter criteria if they were passed. To do that I use class cl_salv_ex_util. At the end result table is transformed to xstring with method cl_salv_bs_tt_util=>if_salv_bs_tt_util~transform. So you're receiving at the end of the method an xstring file so you can do what you want with it, for example send via mail to the user, or save it on local PC (like in the example found at the end). The most important is that you can use this method in a background so you can prepare some jobs for your programs and send results of them to the users!
So what am I doing here.... firstly I check if the fieldcatalog was passed. If not then I create it on a base of internal table with usage of cl_salv_table and cl_salv_controller_metadata=>get_lvc_fieldcatalog. After I finally have the fieldcatalog I create result table with sort and filter criteria if they were passed. To do that I use class cl_salv_ex_util. At the end result table is transformed to xstring with method cl_salv_bs_tt_util=>if_salv_bs_tt_util~transform. So you're receiving at the end of the method an xstring file so you can do what you want with it, for example send via mail to the user, or save it on local PC (like in the example found at the end). The most important is that you can use this method in a background so you can prepare some jobs for your programs and send results of them to the users!
Importing:
it_fieldcat type lvc_t_fcat optional -> field catalog for list viewer control
it_sort type lvc_t_sort optional -> alv control: table of sort criteria
it_filt type lvc_t_filt optional -> alv control: table of filter conditions
is_layout type lvc_s_layo optional -> alv control: layout structure
i_xlsx type flag optional -> create xlsx file?
Create a nice looking chart with CL_GUI_CHART_ENGINE - Part 3 - Chart Data and render
We know already how to use chart designer and we're able to save/read it's result to/from standard texts. So let's go for most interesting part - rendering the chart. Of course we will need some data but I will use dummy one just to show you how to create the chart, you can replace this part with loop on your internal table or even better change it in the way that you'll pass internal table.
In the method provided bellow I firstly create custom container object (cl_gui_custom_container) to place the chart in it, then I create chart engine (cl_gui_chart_engine), then using if_xml I create an xml data container which in fact can be written using simple concatenate statement but it's not nice to change and easy to mess.
So after we receive an xml with data then I will pass it to chart engine, then I will run the method prepared in previous part (Create a nice looking chart with CL_GUI_CHART_ENGINE - Part 2 - Customization ) to read the customization of the chart and I will pass it also to engine. Finally I will render the chart.
In the method provided bellow I firstly create custom container object (cl_gui_custom_container) to place the chart in it, then I create chart engine (cl_gui_chart_engine), then using if_xml I create an xml data container which in fact can be written using simple concatenate statement but it's not nice to change and easy to mess.
So after we receive an xml with data then I will pass it to chart engine, then I will run the method prepared in previous part (Create a nice looking chart with CL_GUI_CHART_ENGINE - Part 2 - Customization ) to read the customization of the chart and I will pass it also to engine. Finally I will render the chart.
Create a nice looking chart with CL_GUI_CHART_ENGINE - Part 2 - Customization
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In part one for this tutorial I quickly shown you how to create a chart customizing using Chart Designer, in this part I will show how I store and use such customizing. For the beginning I'll tell you that there are many ways to store the customizing, you can keep it in GOS, or in APP server or load it directly from PC, but my favorite one is to keep the customizing in standard texts (SO10) and read it from there. It's easy to do changes there and it can be restricted in authorizations who can do changes for such text.
So I'll go to SO10 and create new text for customization there:
Create a nice looking chart with CL_GUI_CHART_ENGINE - Part 1 - Chart Designer
At the beginning of my work with SAP I was disappointed with the charts that was available in standard transactions. In fact I am still :) But when I have to create own program with nice looking chart then it's no longer a problem as we can use CL_GUI_CHART_ENGINE together with chart designer provided by SAP. Chart designer is a tool which allows you to create a customizing for your chart and save it in XML file which can be used in ABAP after.
So first of all we need to download chart designer from SDN so you can google "sap chart designer" to get it. After you'll have it just run one of the versions available there (640 or 700) depending on your GUI version. All files which you'll find in the package are shown below, XML Format.pdf file will tell you how to prepare chart data depending on chart type.
Load variant to single subscreen (selection screen)
In article Save variant for single selection screen subscreen I've shown you how to save a variant for single selection-screen subscreen with a little help of FM RS_ISOLATE_1_SELSCREEN & RS_CREATE_VARIANT. If you use method shown there it may happen that when you're loading a variant to a screen it overrides also values from other fields. To avoid that I've prepared a method to fill only fields from one subscreen. I will use here FM RS_VARIANT_CATALOG to allow user to select variant for subscreen, FM RS_VARIANT_CONTENTS to read it's content, FM RS_ISOLATE_1_SELSCREEN to get the fields of subscreen and field-symbols to put them on place. So let's start.
As input parameter I will use only subscreen number:
i_dynnr type sy-dynnr -> subscreen number
Subtotal lines of ALV GRID OO as content separator
ALV Grid gives us some possibilities for easier reading of the grid content like "zebra" or colored rows. But when this is not enough and you want to make sure that users will focus on part of the rows only, then you have additionally two options:
1st) Add empty line after each part you want to separate and color it differently;
1st) Add empty line after each part you want to separate and color it differently;
2nd) Use subototals of ALV Grid to do it instead of you (but without any values).
Adding empty lines will force you to delete all of them each time you'll do changes inside table displayed in grid and you'll have to do the calculation of position again, that's why today I will show you the second option.
I will use event subtotal_text for cl_gui_alv_grid, three additional colums in internal table (for sorting and separating key) and lvc_s_layo settings NO_TOTEXP, NO_TOTLINE, NO_ROWMARK.
Secure call of "starting new task" using RM_FREE_SESSION_CHECK
When you need to call a FM with option starting new task there is always a risk that user already has maximum number of sessions opened, so there is a risk that our call will be unsuccessful. There is a way to avoid such risk -> easily call FM RM_FREE_SESSION_CHECK or TH_USER_INFO directly to check if we can afford to open new session. If yes then we can call our FM in new task, if not then we can raise an error message and stop processing of the function we're currently doing. This is very helpful when you need to call a FM in new task inside user-exit.
Here is example of the code:
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